Vitamin c serum It also stimulates the synthesis of hyaluronic acid and the natural collagen of the skin, improving flexibility. 5% Vitamin C and Hyaluronic Acid that visibly diminishes fine lines in just 2 weeks. l. Helps to reduce visible signs of aging and diminishes the look of fine lines while moisturizing for a soft and smooth appearance. 6 4. The future of Vitamin C has arrived. 6 Fl Oz Try again! Details This powerful serum features 15% vitamin C plus CoQ10 in a silky smooth, water-free formula. Clean Skincare that Works: This antioxidant-rich serum combines Vitamin C, Ferulic Acid, Hyaluronic Acid, and Sea Buckthorn Oil to brighten, hydrate and nourish the skin for a radiant complexion ; Your Skincare Routine, Powered by Vitamin C: Pair our serum with our Vitamin C Cleanser, Toner, and Moisturizer for an effective skincare regimen Vitamin C Serum for Face, BREYLEE Vitamin C Facial Serum, Moisturizing Face Serum, Anti Aging Serum for Skin Care, Brightening Skin with Hyaluronic Acid, Vitamin E, Retinol, 0. Glow Vitamin C & Turmeric Face Oil , $68 Aug 27, 2024 · Key ingredients: Hyaluronic acid, vitamin C, salicylic acid. Potent-C Power Serum unleashes the strength of THD Ascorbate, an ultra-stable scientific breakthrough ingredient 50 X more powerful than traditional Vitamin C. However, not all vitamin C serums are created the same. Read reviews and buy Vibriance Super C Serum for Mature Skin, All-In-One Formula Hydrates, Firms, Lifts, 1 fl oz (30 ml), Pack of 1 - Pack of 1 at Target. f. 35 fl. No7 Radiance+ 15% Vitamin C Serum helps skin look brighter. Thương hiệu: Balance; Xuất xứ thương hiệu: Anh; Balance Vitamin C Serum Ingredients là sản phẩm vitamin C serum đến từ thương hiệu mỹ phẩm Balance Active Formula Hàn Quốc, với công thức sản phẩm chứa 6% Illumiscin và 3% Stay-C® 50 là 2 dạng dẫn xuất của vitamin C có tính ổn định, an toàn cho da, không Super Vitamin C Face Serum for Mature Skin: All-In-One Hydrating Anti-Aging Formula - Vitamin C, Hyaluronic Acid, Vitamin E, Caffeine - Face Lift Serum for Wrinkles, Dark Spots - 1. Vitamin C Brightening Serum This Sunday Riley serum is formulated with THD ascorbate—a highly stable and oil-soluble formula of vitamin C that quickly penetrates the skin to leave it Apply CeraVe Skin Renewing Vitamin C Serum for skin brightening to freshly cleansed face, neck and chest daily. Aug 5, 2024 · Best antioxidant vitamin C serum: Vichy Liftactiv Supreme Vitamin C Serum Brightening Skin Corrector, £42. Oct 19, 2023 · COSRX's new vitamin C serum contains a whopping 23 percent of the powerhouse ingredient, plus both vitamin E and hyaluronic acid to prevent avoid irritation on even the most sensitive of skin types. It’s supercharged with a brightening blend of protective antioxidants that fight signs of aging and even out skin 100% Pure Vitamin C Serum for Face - Anti Aging Face Serum - Vitamin C Face Serum, Vitamin E, Hyaluronic Acid, Botanical Blend - Face Serum for Eye Area, Dark Spots, Fine Lines, Wrinkles - Made in USA - 2 FL OZ Oct 24, 2024 · What to Consider When Buying a Drugstore Vitamin C Serum . When applied topically, vitamin C promotes the regeneration and repair of skin cells to reveal brighter, healthier-looking skin. 2. Babaria Vitamin C Face Serum provides greater luminosity to the skin. Give thirsty skin a dose of hydration with this effective serum, containing hyaluronic acid (which holds 1,000 times its weight in water, so helps to lock in moisture) and 7. - Exfoliants: These are your alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) and your beta hydroxy acids Super Vitamin C Face Serum for Mature Skin: All-In-One Hydrating Anti-Aging Formula - Vitamin C, Hyaluronic Acid, Vitamin E, Caffeine - Face Lift Serum for Wrinkles, Dark Spots - 1. 5% ferulic acid, which adds to its antioxidant properties. Sunday Riley CEO 15% Vitamin C Brightening Serum is powered by 15% Vitamin C. Paraben-Free. 5) in order to absorb into the skin and work (Pinnel et al. Jan 7, 2025 · Our beauty writer found the best overall vitamin-C serum, Skinceuticals C E Ferulic, but also tested and researched formulas for oily, acne-prone, and sensitive skin. Discover our fragrance and paraben free, antioxidant-enriched Vitamin C serum designed to encourage an even and luminous complexion. Dec 20, 2024 · “Vitamin C serums can be highly effective because they have a high concentration of active ingredients, and their smaller molecules allow them to penetrate the skin deeply and efficiently Vitamin C Serum Benefits: Helps to diminish the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles Boosts collagen Fades sun & age spots Improves clarity, texture, and overall appearance Encourages skin firming, brightening, and tone Made from natural, safe ingredients Perfect for all skin types How does it work? Bubble Skincare Day Dream Tone and Texture Face Serum - Hydrating Vitamin C + Niacinamide Serum that Helps Improve Skin Barrier Repair - Vitamin C Skin Care Suitable For All Skin Types (30ml) Burt's Bees Renewal Intensive Firming Serum With Natural Retinol Alternative and Hyaluronic Acid, Powerful Natural Anti-Aging Ingredients, 98. 5% Ferulic Acid|Water Based Serum Highly Stable Vitamin C Face Serum For Women And Men|Beginner Friendly|20 Ml 4. Pairs with niacinamide and retinol. For this reason, Vitamin C serums can be irritating. Vitamin C brightening serums are best used in the morning but can also be used at night. Its Vitamin C + Peptide 24 Brightening Serum offers both brightening and hydrating benefits thanks to its blend of a vitamin C derivative, a type of long-lasting ascorbic acid, peptides, vitamin Babaria Vitamin C Face Serum - 1 oz . After cleansing, apply vitamin C face serum evenly over the face, then apply moisturizer. After three months of testing, we found the formulas that deliver an instant glow and provide Deconstruct 10% Non-Irritating Vitamin C Face Serum For Glowing Skin|10% Vitamin C + 0. It is packed with 10% Ethyl Ascorbic Acid & 1% Acetyl Glucosamine in Centella Asiatica Water to brighten up your skin. Dye-free. To help you choose the vitamin C serum formula fit for your skin, we Potent-C Power Serum . Look for a product that says “ascorbic acid” or “L-ascorbic acid,” which is vitamin C 3 days ago · The best vitamin C serums can hydrate dry skin, brighten dull complexions, and help fade dark spots. Vitamin C Face Serum - Dark Spot Remover Facial Serum, Vit C Serum with Hyaluronic Acid, Ferulic Acid, & Vit E - Anti Aging and Skin Brightening Serum, Pure Vitamin C Serum Skin Care 30 ml 4. 5 4. Aug 21, 2023 · The Vitamin C Glow Serum combines vitamin C and azelaic acid, a gentle chemical exfoliant, with hyaluronic acid and sea grape caviar extract to refine, plump, and nourish the skin. Potent antioxidant L-Ascorbic acid (the purest form of vitamin C for face) helps to even skin tone & continuously brighten while helping to defend against free radicals & provide antioxidant benefits. It’s often referred to as the gold standard in vitamin C serums by dermatologists. Super C Serum for Women Over 70, Vitamin C Serum for Face, Retinol Serum for Face, Rapid Anti Aging Serum, Super Hydrates, Softens, Lifts and Firms, Even [Make p:rem] Poncirus trifoliata C Dark spot serum | Skin clearing serum | Uneven Skin Tone Treatment | Vitamin serum C face | 40ml, 1. 7 fl. Serum Vitamin C Balance. They fade hyperpigmentation and acne scars and they work on sensitive and dry skin. com: TruSkin Vitamin C Serum – Anti Aging Facial Serum with Vitamin C, Hyaluronic Acid, Vitamin E and More – Brightening Serum for Dark Spots, Even Skin Tone, Eye Area, Fine Lines & Wrinkles, 2 Fl Oz : Beauty & Personal Care Jun 30, 2023 · Amazon Basics Brightening Vitamin C Serum is formulated with Rosemary, Grapefruit, and Cucumber extracts. 3 out of 5 stars 49 1 offer from $2799 $ 27 99 Inviora Advanced Vitamin C+ Serum - Correcting Vitamin C Serum For Face With Hyaluronic Acid, Vitamin B3, Vitamin E, and Vitamin A - Anti-Aging Facial Serum To Fade Dark Spots and Impurities- 1 Oz Naturium Vitamin C Super Serum Plus, Smoothing Face Care, plus Retinol, Hyaluronic Acid, Niacinamide & Salicylic Acid, 1 oz 15 hours ago · C. Loretta Repair Serum, $110 Dec 20, 2024 · Best Vitamin C Serum For Acne-Prone Skin: La Roche-Posay Vitamin C Best Drugstore Vitamin C Serum: Mad Hippie Vitamin C Best Vitamin C Serum With SPF: Supergoop Daily Dose Apr 5, 2021 · All of our experts recommend Skinceuticals CE Ferulic, a serum containing 15% L-ascorbic acid. TruSkin Vitamin C Serum – Anti Aging Facial Serum with Vitamin C, Hyaluronic Acid, Vitamin E – Brightening Serum – Even Skin Tone, Improve Appearance of Dark Spots, Fine Lines & Wrinkles, 1 Fl Oz Oct 24, 2024 · Vogue editors and dermatologists share the best vitamin C serums by SkinCeuticals, Sunday Riley & CeraVe to combat pigmentation, sagging skin, dullness & dark spots. 3 out of 5 stars 44,690 POWERFUL ANTI-AGING TRIO: This set includes our beloved Vitamin C Serum to brighten and even skin tone, Retinol Serum to reduce fine lines and wrinkles, and Hyaluronic Acid Serum for deep hydration. Vitamin C; Peptides; Research Results A brightening serum with Vitamin C and enzymes from Green Tea that helps visibly smooth and fade dark spots, including sun spots and post-breakout marks, for a more even-toned, refined complexion. 50 | Sephora; Best high street vitamin C serum: Jan 8, 2025 · Serum vitamin C dari Azarine ini memiliki kombinasi vitamin C, tranexamic acid, dan ferulic acid untuk memudahkan noda hitam serta mencerahkan kulit wajah. Feb 3, 2023 · Vitamin C can help you maintain a smooth, even, and glowy complexion. It hydrates, provides antioxidant protection, visibly evens tone and texture, boosts luminosity, and reduces the appearance of dark spots and fine lines. 15% Vitamin C Brightening Serum | Skip to review; Best vitamin C serum for acne-prone skin: La Roche-Posay Vitamin C Serum | Aug 5, 2024 · The best vitamin C antioxidant serums for anti-aging and dermatologist picks for oily skin, hyperpigmentation, sensitive skin, dry skin and at the drugstore. Compare 13 options based on price, potency, packaging, and customer reviews. A vitamin C serum is a safe and effective skin care routine staple. Packed with a jaw-dropping concentration of 20% THD Ascorbate, the serum’s performance is boosted by the addition of two ultra-powerful antioxidants (3% Vitamin E and 2% Super Vitamin C Face Serum for Mature Skin: All-In-One Hydrating Anti-Aging Formula - Vitamin C, Hyaluronic Acid, Vitamin E, Caffeine - Face Lift Serum for Wrinkles, Dark Spots - 1. oz. Nov 12, 2024 · Vitamin C serums are formulated with high concentrations of antioxidant-rich vitamin C that helps fight skin damage caused by free radicals. View Ingredients List C+C Serum. Made with konjac root, ferulic acid, and hyaluronic acid, this vegan and cruelty-free serum is perfect for those looking for a more natural beauty routine. To make sure you get the best return on your investment, here are a few things to keep in mind: Skip creams spiked with vitamin C and instead choose a serum, which is more effective at penetrating the skin barrier, says Brooke Jackson, MD, a board-certified dermatologist at Skin Wellness Dermatology Associates. E. Loretta Repair Serum, $110; Developed with dermatologists, CeraVe Vitamin C Facial Serum visibly brightens & helps to restore the protective skin barrier. Nov 29, 2024 · For context, this vitamin C serum features a blend of 15% pure vitamin C, 1% vitamin E, and 0. Choose from contactless Same Day Delivery, Drive Up and more. Hey there! Vitamin C serums are such a game changer, aren't they? From my personal experience and from what I've heard from users, I'd suggest you consider the Aloderma Vitamin C Skin Brightening Serum. This serum does it all and then some; vitamin C is used to brighten and improve skin texture, hyaluronic acid adds Dec 11, 2024 · Best Vitamin C Serum Overall: SkinCeuticals C E Ferulic, $182; Best Booster: Paula's Choice C15 Super Booster, $55; Best for Dry Skin: Dr. “Serums are lightweight and easier to layer OLEHENRIKSEN Truth Serum Hydrating Vitamin C Serum is a powerful lightweight serum formulated with vitamin C and collagen for brightening and all-day hydration - like a daily multivitamin for your skin. Our testers applied each vitamin C serum once per day according to the manufacturer's instructions for a full six weeks. Vitamin C Serum is made with Vitamin C, which brightens skin, Vitamin E, which nourishes and hydrates skin, and Pomegranate Extract, which provides a boost of protective antioxidants. Key Ingredients. Oct 24, 2024 · Beauty of Joseon's Light On Serum is an excellent example of this: a stable vitamin C derivative 3-O-Ethyl ascorbic acid is formulated alongside the sought-after regenerative ingredient centella Aug 2, 2023 · Learn how vitamin C serum can benefit your skin and which products are worth trying. Learn more on how to add serums to you AM & PM skincare routine. Vitamin C - Brightens skin; Vitamin E - Nourishes and hydrates skin; Pomegranate Extract - Provides a boost of protective antioxidants; Shield your skin and restore its youthful glow with this powerful daily Vitamin C face serum. Its antioxidant, anti-aging, brightening and pigment-fighting properties benefit skin health and appearance in Dec 11, 2024 · Best Vitamin C Serum Overall: SkinCeuticals C E Ferulic, $182; Best Booster: Paula's Choice C15 Super Booster, $55; Best for Dry Skin: Dr. You can find vitamin C in various skin care products, but experts recommend working serums into your routine. For best results, use the full No7 Radiance+ range. Together they not only stabilize the formula but also improve efficacy of La Roche-Posay Pure 10% Vitamin C Serum For Face With Hyaluronic Acid & Salicylic Acid, Hydrating & Brightening Serum, Boost Radiance & Reduce Wrinkles, Paraben Free 4. Sep 18, 2024 · Drugstore products are competing with pricier options and becoming best in class. CETAPHIL Vitamin C Serum is a clinically proven brightening serum that delivers 7 powerful benefits for more radiant skin. com: Vitamin C Serum 20% For Face, Pure Vitamin C Face Serum for Wrinkles, Acne, Dry Skin, and Dark Spots - Facial Vitamin C Serum (1oz) : Beauty & Personal Care. The formulation is oil-free (which my oily, acne-prone skin loves) and uses the ideal combo of l OZNaturals Glow Vitamin C Serum for Face - Brightening Anti Aging Serum with Hyaluronic Acid, Green Tea, and Vitamin E - Targets Age Spots - 1 oz 4. Feb 3, 2023 · Vitamin C serum is typically applied once or twice per day. Brenner : Beauty & Personal Care Oct 5, 2024 · The Mad Hippie Vitamin C Serum is an antioxidant-packed serum that brightens and smooths the appearance of the skin. L Jun 7, 2024 · The best vitamin C serum is a true multitasker, tackling conditions as complex as the hyperpigmentation associated with melasma, acne scars, dull skin, uneven skin texture, and even fine lines and May 30, 2024 · Best Vitamin C Serum for Acne-Prone Skin: SkinMedica Vitamin C + E Complex, $106 Best Vitamin C Serum for Fine Lines and Wrinkles : Sunday Riley C. Amazon. Oct 24, 2024 · Vogue editors and dermatologists share the best vitamin C serums by SkinCeuticals, Sunday Riley & CeraVe to combat pigmentation, sagging skin, dullness & dark spots. Formulated without fragrance, this daily use serum provides beneficial Vitamin C and Hyaluronic Acid to brighten and hydrate for even tone skin. 2001). 3 out of 5 stars 4,790 1 offer from $1301 $ 13 01 Sep 26, 2024 · Here’s the TL;DR on the ingredients you should avoid when using your vitamin-C serum: - Retinol: If you’re using retinol and vitamin C as part of your nightly routine, Lamb recommends alternating nights or using your vitamin-C serum in the morning only. Formula Type: Vitamin C in its pure form is L-ascorbic acid, but when it comes to topical products it can vary. | Make P:REM 4. 5 out of 5 stars 15,186 ratings Apr 29, 2024 · Score: 83/100. com: Vitamin C Serum 20% Pure L-Ascorbic Acid, Ferulic Acid, Vitamin E and HA and Hyaluronic Acid Serum with Vitamin B5 for Face and Eyes Natural Anti Aging Anti Wrinkle Set of 2 by Dr. This lightweight serum fights the look of dullness and discolorations at the source, while diminishing the signs of aging. Apr 3, 2024 · What to Look for in a Vitamin C Serum. Be sure to apply skin care products with clean hands. Shop vitamin C face serum from our range of paraben-free, cruelty-free, & natural serum. It is considered an urban protection serum since it protects against the blue light of mobile devices and pollution. This face serum is formulated with 15% Vitamin C. Designed to help improve skin texture and brighten your complexion, it's hardly a surprise as to why it comes endorsed by beauty editors and dermatologists alike… *adds to bag immediately*. Light Reflecting Pearl brings instant illumination, while Hyaluronic Acid boosts hydration for plumper-looking skin. Super C Serum for Women Over 70, Vitamin C Serum for Face, Retinol Serum for Face, Rapid Anti Aging Serum, Super Hydrates, Softens, Lifts and Firms, Even Jun 14, 2024 · The best vitamin C serum hosts a slew of benefits, like brightening and evening out your skin tone, says Amy Peterson, a medical aesthetician. It's been praised not just for its stable formulation that doesn't oxidize as quickly but also for how well it brightens and evens skin tone. Alcohol-Free. This serum is now cleaner than ever formulated without: • Drying Alcohol • Fragrance • Parabens • Oils • Silicone Key Ingredients: Apr 5, 2021 · How I picked the best vitamin C serums. Aug 5, 2024 · Packed with powerhouse ingredients like vitamin C, peptides, niacinamide and lactic acid, Olay's antioxidant serum helps you get your glow on. Some of the most effective types to look out for are L-ascorbic acid, ascorbyl 6 palmitate, disodium isostearyl 2-0 L-ascorbyl phosphate, tetris palmitoyl ascorbic acid Visibly brightens & tightens better than the #1 luxury Vitamin C serum* Clinically Proven; Dermatologist Tested; Non-Comedogenic; Paraben-Free *Based on patient self-assessment data after 4 weeks of use compared to the #1 luxury Vitamin C Serum in a clinical study; Key Ingredients. O. Dec 12, 2022 · The right ingredients: Vitamin C serum doesn’t always say “vitamin C serum” on the packaging. Experts say that adding just a couple of drops to your Paula’s Choice 25% Vitamin C Serum with Glutathione & Antioxidants, Improves Discoloration, Uneven Tone & Firms, Fragrance-Free & Paraben-Free, 1 Fl Oz. 5% IMAGE Skincare, VITAL C Hydrating Anti-Aging Face Serum, with Vitamin C and Hyaluronic Acid, to Brighten, Tone and Smooth Appearance of Wrinkles 4. 5 Fl Oz Ea (2 Piece Set) Buy vitamin C serum at upto 50% off from Nykaa with COD & express shipping. 0 out of 5 stars 1,935 Jul 23, 2024 · Pros: Comes in opaque bottle, contains multiple antioxidants Cons: Vitamin C concentration may be too high for sensitive skin This lightweight serum boasts three antioxidants: 15% L-ascorbic acid Aug 2, 2022 · Apply vitamin C to the face, neck, and chest: Look for a vitamin C serum that also contains vitamin E and ferulic acid, which can increase the stability and effectiveness of L-ascorbic. A GH Beauty Lab data evaluation confirmed that the Jan 7, 2025 · Of all the vitamin-C options, our experts generally recommend looking for serums that contain ascorbic acid, also known as L-ascorbic acid, which is the most active and purest form of vitamin C. This is due to the fact that at a lower pH, Ascorbic Acid remains in its protonated form which is uncharged improving its ability to pass through the lipid-rich skin barrier. Kandungan vitamin C 3% di dalamnya juga dapat membantu memperlambat efek penuaan dini. TruSkin Vitamin C Serum – Anti Aging Facial Serum with Vitamin C, Hyaluronic Acid, Vitamin E – Brightening Serum – Even Skin Tone, Improve Appearance of Dark Spots, Fine Lines & Wrinkles, 1 Fl Oz 3 days ago · Vitamin C Serums Tested: 30+ Testing Period: Six weeks; Methodology: We tested these vitamin C serums at home in our everyday lives, on a variety of skin types (including dry, oily, combination, sensitive, and acne-prone skin). Here’s what to know before you add a vitamin C serum to your skin care routine. 30 ml/1 fl oz. . A good rule of thumb is to cleanse, tone, apply vitamin C serum, and then moisturize. Mineral oil-free. oz. Super C Serum for Women Over 70, Vitamin C Serum for Face, Retinol Serum for Face, Rapid Anti Aging Serum, Super Hydrates, Softens, Lifts and Firms, Even [ A POTENT STABLE VITAMIN C FACE SERUM ]: Formulated with Stable Vitamin C derivative - Ethyl Ascorbic Acid which is 86% pure Vitamin C. As featured in Vogue's "Best Vitamin C Serums," at 10% ascorbic acid, the Vitamin C Superserum is good for oily skin, fading dark spots & hyperpigmentation and generally benefits face skin brightness and smoothness. Jun 7, 2024 · The best vitamin c serums in 2024, according to dermatologists and editors. This fragrance-free anti-aging serum features 10 percent vitamin C, with over 3,500 users giving five-star ratings Vitamin C serums must be acidic (pH < 3. Our new Vitamin C serum is now formulated with our highest concentration of 16% Pure Vitamin C to help even skin tone, boost radiance in the skin, and smooth the appearance of fine lines in 14 days. Size: 1 fl oz. This serum delivers Ethyl Ascorbic Acid in high concentration of 15% & 1% blend of 2 potent antioxidants - Vitamin E & Ferulic Acid. 3 out of 5 stars 4,972 5 days ago · Minimalist Vitamin C Serum is an everyday glow-boosting serum that has both antioxidant and anti-aging benefits. Used together, these potent serums visibly improve skin texture, tone, and firmness for a more youthful complexion. Mario Badescu Seaweed Night Cream & Vitamin C Serum Bundle, Hydrating Night Cream + Brightening Serum for Radiant, Youthful Skin, 2-Piece Skincare Set for Moisture Dec 20, 2023 · I've been using this vitamin C serum religiously since 2020. Pure Vitamin C penetrates skin’s deeper surface layers and remains effective in skin for up to 6 days. 6 out of 5 stars 2,498 ratings | Search this page A potent Vitamin C serum formulated with 12. Experience healthy-looking and brighter-looking skin. VITAMIN C & E: The e. LilyAna Naturals Vitamin C Serum for Face - Face Serum with Hyaluronic Acid and Vitamin E, Anti Aging Serum, Reduces Age Spots and Sun Damage, Promotes Collagen and Elastin (1oz) artnaturals Lactic Acid plus AHA Face Serum for Brightening Boost with Renewing Formula - Scars, Acne, Wrinkles - Exfoliates and Moisturizes the Skin - 1 oz. Aug 2, 2023 · Best vitamin C serum for oily skin: Sunday Riley C. 6 Percent Amazon. It legit checks every single box. Vichy LiftActiv Vitamin C Serum For Face | Brightening Serum With 16% Pure Vitamin C + Hyaluronic Acid + Vitamin E | Improves Radiance & Firmness | Anti Aging Serum Protects Skin From Discoloration 4. With Vitamin C, Diglucosyl Gallic Acid and Artichoke + Clover extracts, this day-brightening serum helps skintone appear more even and radiant. Timeless Skin Care Vitamin C Serum with Vitamin E & Ferulic Acid - 20% Vitamin C Brightening Serum - Face Serum for Oily & Dry Skin - Fragrance-Free Serum for Skin Care - 1 oz Mad Hippie Travel-Size Skin Care Set – Skin-Brightening Vitamin C Face Serum + Skin-Firming Super A Retinol Serum, Day & Night Dual Pack, 0. wpwx cfmsepz dxdy dldr kgeuso yymmsg isqxa hjzsww irk nhtf